Sickness+Weakness+&+Health+Strength

= 1923 main narrative =
 * Vickie**: Harry enjoys Olivia's company and seems to be dependent on her. This dependence is also seen with the Nawab and Harry, where the Nawab seems to be emotionally attached to Harry and dependent on his presence.-- implies the need to be with someone constantly and to feel cared for.


 * Niuniu -** Jhabvala uses the relationship between Olivia and Douglas, and the Nawab and Sandy to illustrate seemingly strong and dedicating relationships; however, both relationships are internally weak and ultimately don't last.


 * Roy -** The author uses the motif of heat and dust throughout the book to symbolize the increasing frustration and tension among the characters and how this later leads to conflicts and arguments between them.


 * Jerome** - The Nawab and Douglas both show authority when the Nawab goes to pick Harry up. Douglas shows silent determination not to stand down to the Nawab, and the Nawab does not show any sign of giving in to Douglas as well.


 * John** - Douglas relates to the heat in India, while the Nawab relates to the dust of India. The heat signifies the silent anger that is associated with Douglas. The dust is a force that is always there and cannot be stopped; it shows the Nawab’s strong personality and his cunning and sly ways.

= 1975 framing narrative =
 * Linda**- Olivia's feeling closer towards the Nawab instead of the English ladies(Crawford&Minnie),and the disagreement between them---it's just about distance. The heat and dust flowing into the room whenever doors are open, and the quarrelsome servants, shows the unpeacefulness in people's hearts.
 * Jacky** - The contrast in characteristics between the weak Ritu and her confident mother-in-law reveals the powerless and tiresome lives of wives in India, suggesting that the role of wives in the Indian male-dominant society is insignificant and often neglected.


 * Henry** - Inder Lal represents a generation in India, a generation that has shaped the modern India of today (not 1975). Inder Lal is intensely intersted in western progress and is quite tired of the beleifs and traditions of his native India. The way he sees it traditional Indian customs, such as arranged marriage or whatever term is applied to parents deciding their children's spouse, has brought him and his "wife" only unhappiness and is hence facinated and eventually literally seduced by Anne when she rents a room in his "house" in Satipur.


 * Doreen -** The weak physical traits Ritu and Chid express show the poor living conditions they experience in India; not only are the Europeans unable to cope with them, but also the Indians living in the area.

= Both narratives =
 * Neville**- The author describes Inder Lal as emotionally weak and Ritu as both physically and emotionally weak, suggesting that netiher of them dominate the relationship and that arranged marriage in India are weak and passive

Angus - Anne sexually gives herself to Chid, whereas Olivia seems willing to give her life to Douglas in case he dies - suggesting the women's insecurity in the absence of the man.

Harry and Chid are similar characters between the two narritives in that they are parasitic to the Nawab and Anne respectively, suggesting that people who do not have direction or purpose in their lives need people to help and protect them even if it is not for their own good.
 * Andrew** -

In Heat and Dust, various characters from the two different frameworks, excluding Olivia and Anne, share similar characteristics. For example, Inder Laland the Nawab are both lovers of the two main characters. By paralleling character relations in both narratives, the author has effectively portrayed the emotions and insecurities of Olivia and Anne.
 * Jimmy:**


 * **student ** || **pages ** || **examples of sickness/weakness ** || **examples of health/strength ** ||
 * **Niu Niu ** || **41-43 ** || Ritu is thin and worn and always anxious; “homesick[…]never stopped crying”; Marcia on her own, involved with difficult people ||  ||
 * **Vickie ** || **44-45 ** || Ritu is weak physically, emotionally, & mentally; Inder Lal seems older than he really is: “careworn expression” ||  ||
 * **Neville ** || **46-47 ** ||  || “but strong and healthy and full of feminine vigor”; “holds her head high when she walks through the town” : confidence/ranking ||
 * **<span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'Goudy Old Style','serif'">Doreen ** || **<span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'Goudy Old Style','serif'">48-49 ** || <span style="font-family: 'Goudy Old Style','serif'"> || <span style="font-family: 'Goudy Old Style','serif'">faithful wife burned with dead husband; Douglass calm,, competent way of handling things ||
 * **<span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'Goudy Old Style','serif'">Jimmy ** || **<span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'Goudy Old Style','serif'">50-51 ** || <span style="font-family: 'Goudy Old Style','serif'"> || <span style="font-family: 'Goudy Old Style','serif'">Olivia’s outburst at table about suttee; women who willingly perform suttee ||
 * **<span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'Goudy Old Style','serif'">Angus ** || **<span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'Goudy Old Style','serif'">52-53 ** || <span style="font-family: 'Goudy Old Style','serif'">Chid is found physically weak || <span style="font-family: 'Goudy Old Style','serif'">Jabalpore’s widow’s determination for suttee; Olivia seems to have strong love for Douglas ||
 * **<span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'Goudy Old Style','serif'">Jacky ** || **<span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'Goudy Old Style','serif'">54-55 ** || <span style="font-family: 'Goudy Old Style','serif'">Chid couldn’t continue on his pilgrimage; “patting his stomach hard like an Indian beggar so one could hear the hollow sound”; dependent on others’ charity || <span style="font-family: 'Goudy Old Style','serif'"> ||
 * **<span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'Goudy Old Style','serif'">Andrew ** || **<span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'Goudy Old Style','serif'">56-57 ** || <span style="font-family: 'Goudy Old Style','serif'">Chid spiritually “fermented inside him and makes him sound a bit mad”; Anne sexually “I will give it to him the same way I give him my food” || <span style="font-family: 'Goudy Old Style','serif'"> ||
 * **<span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'Goudy Old Style','serif'">John ** || **<span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'Goudy Old Style','serif'">58-59 ** || <span style="font-family: 'Goudy Old Style','serif'"> || <span style="font-family: 'Goudy Old Style','serif'">“devotional songs blared”: cultural strength & confidence; “tight mass of people: population strength ||
 * **<span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'Goudy Old Style','serif'">Linda ** || **<span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'Goudy Old Style','serif'">60-61 ** || <span style="font-family: 'Goudy Old Style','serif'">heat and dust instantly in the house ; servants were restless, too, quarreled a lot; fights; Olivia felt she knew the Nawab, not them (Beth & Mrs. Minnies: distance) || <span style="font-family: 'Goudy Old Style','serif'">Olivia worrying about Douglas: showing love between ||
 * **<span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'Goudy Old Style','serif'">Roy ** || **<span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'Goudy Old Style','serif'">62-63 ** || <span style="font-family: 'Goudy Old Style','serif'">Harry craves Olivia’s company || <span style="font-family: 'Goudy Old Style','serif'"> ||
 * **<span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'Goudy Old Style','serif'">Henry ** || **<span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'Goudy Old Style','serif'">64-65 ** || <span style="font-family: 'Goudy Old Style','serif'"> || <span style="font-family: 'Goudy Old Style','serif'">“Harry sang in an exaggerated voice” “joined in herself with a fine contralto” “What fun she said and laughed” ||
 * **<span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'Goudy Old Style','serif'">Jerome ** || **<span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'Goudy Old Style','serif'">66-68 ** || <span style="font-family: 'Goudy Old Style','serif'">Harry is very dependent || <span style="font-family: 'Goudy Old Style','serif'">Douglas stands up to the Nawab; the Nawab also doesn’t back down ||
 * Mrs. Saunders? **